Front plate for onboard LCD device

ABSTRACT

A front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays has a high hardness resin composition (B) on at least one side of a layer containing a resin (A) having a polycarbonate resin (a1). The front panel satisfies the following conditions (i) to (iv): (i) the thickness of the layer containing a high hardness resin composition (B) is 10 to 250 μm, and the total thickness of the layer containing a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and the layer containing a high hardness resin composition (B) is 100 to 3,000 μm; (ii) the high hardness resin composition (B) consists of any one of specific resin compositions (B1) to (B3); (iii) the retardation of the front panel is 3,000 nm or more; and (iv) the standard deviation of the second derivative of the irregular shape of the hard coat layer having irregularities is 0.1 or more.

The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/080,783, filed on Aug. 29, 2018, now U.S. Pat.No. 10,710,291, issued on Jul. 14, 2020, which is a National Phaseapplication of International Application No. PCT/JP2017/008213, filed onMar. 2, 2017, which claims the benefit of Japanese Patent ApplicationNo. 2016-042258, filed on Mar. 4, 2016. The entire disclosure of each ofthe above-identified applications, including the specification,drawings, and claims, is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a front panel for on-board liquidcrystal displays. Particularly, the present invention relates to a frontpanel that prevents glare, has high abrasion resistance, also has highpencil hardness, and is also excellent in the inhibition of warpage,while having excellent impact resistance, heat resistance and anti-glareperformance, and is suitable for use in on-board liquid crystaldisplays.

BACKGROUND ART

Front panels are disposed in liquid crystal displays for the purpose ofprotecting liquid crystal panels, etc. Examples of materials for use inconventional front panels for liquid crystal displays include(meth)acrylic resins typified by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

In recent years, front panels having sheets made of polycarbonate resinshave also been used because of having high impact resistance, heatresistance, secondary workability, lightness and transparency, etc.Particularly, a front panel for liquid crystal displays that has a hardcoat on a multilayer sheet having an acrylic resin laminated on thesurface layer of a polycarbonate resin sheet has been adopted to a widerange of front panels for liquid crystal displays, because of havingexcellent impact resistance, heat resistance, workability andtransparency of the polycarbonate resins while having surface hardnessand abrasion resistance comparable to conventional acrylic resins with ahard coat (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The front panel for liquid crystal displays having the polycarbonateresin sheet is generally formed by a melt extrusion method, togetherwith the acrylic resin.

In liquid crystal displays, an optical laminate for antireflection isgenerally disposed on an outermost surface. Such an optical laminate forantireflection suppresses image reflection or reduces reflectance bylight scattering or interference.

An anti-glare film provided with an anti-glare layer having an irregularshape on the surface of a transparent base material is known as one ofthe optical laminates for antireflection. This anti-glare film canscatter outside light by the irregular shape of the surface and therebyprevent visibility from being reduced due to outside light reflection orimage reflection. Also, this optical laminate is required to be providedwith hard coat properties so as not to be damaged upon handling, becausethe optical laminate is usually placed on the outermost surface of aliquid crystal display.

The anti-glare film is required to have anti-glare properties andadditionally desired to exert favorable contrast when located on thesurface of a liquid crystal display, and to prevent so-called “glare”,which reduces visibility due to a brightness distribution resulting fromthe interference of the surface irregular shape of the anti-glare filmwith liquid crystal display pixels, when located on the surface of aliquid crystal display.

In the case of using such a liquid crystal display for on-board purposessuch as car navigation systems, the inside temperature of a car changesgreatly from low to high temperatures in an environment so that thefront panel is prone to be deformed due to shrinkage and expansionascribable to thermal fluctuation, leading to problems such as thegeneration of squeak noise by deformation. Particularly, in recentyears, high retardation drawn front panels have been used as measuresagainst blackout by polarized sunglasses and are therefore more prone tobe deformed.

A resin laminate of Patent Document 2 solves the problem of a resinlaminate having an acrylic resin layer laminated on a polycarbonateresin layer, i.e., the occurrence of protruding warpage in the acrylicresin layer due to a large dimensional change after moisture absorptionbetween the laminated resin layers. However, the resin laminate ofPatent Document 2 still has insufficient resistance to warpagedeformation in a temperature environment exceeding 40° C. Thetemperatures of on-board displays may rise significantly beyond roomtemperature. Resin plates for use as protective plates for on-boarddisplays are desired to be excellent in resistance to warpagedeformation after being exposed to a severe high temperature and highhumidity environment such as a high temperature environment exceeding40° C., for example, an environment having a temperature of 85° C. and ahumidity of 85%.

As mentioned above, front panels for on-board liquid crystal displaysare required to be provided with various functions such as measuresagainst blackout, anti-glare properties of preventing glare, andprevention of scratches and further required to resist a severeenvironment such as the inside of cars. Nonetheless, any front panel hasnot satisfied all of these requirements.

PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS Patent Documents

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-103169

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-167659

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least one of theproblems associated with the conventional techniques. Another object ofthe present invention is to provide a front panel that prevents glare,has high abrasion resistance, also has high pencil hardness, and is alsoexcellent in the inhibition of warpage, while exhibiting excellentimpact resistance, heat resistance and anti-glare performance, and issuitable for on-board liquid crystal displays.

Means for Solving the Problems

The present inventors have conducted diligent studies to attain theobjects and consequently found that a specific configuration iseffective for a front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays,reaching the completion of the present invention. Specifically, thepresent invention is as follows.

<1> A front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays, having a layercontaining a high hardness resin composition (B) on at least one side ofa layer containing a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1),and further having a hard coat layer having irregularities on the layercontaining a high hardness resin composition (B), wherein the frontpanel satisfies the following conditions (i) to (iv):(i) the thickness of the layer containing a high hardness resincomposition (B) is 10 to 250 μm, and the total thickness of the layercontaining a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and thelayer containing a high hardness resin composition (B) is 100 to 3,000μm;(ii) the high hardness resin composition (B) consists of any one of thefollowing resin compositions (B1) to (B3):

Resin Composition (B1)

A copolymer resin comprising a (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit(a) represented by the following general formula (1), and an aliphaticvinyl constituent unit (b) represented by the following general formula(2), wherein the total ratio of the methacrylic acid ester constituentunit (a) and the aliphatic vinyl constituent unit (b) is 90 to 100 mol %of all constituent units of the copolymer resin, and the ratio of the(meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) is 65 to 80 mol % of allconstituent units of the copolymer resin:

wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 is an alkylgroup having 1 to 18 carbon atoms

wherein R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R4 is a cyclohexylgroup optionally having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

Resin Composition (B2)

A resin composition comprising 55 to 10% by mass of a resin (C)containing a vinyl monomer, and 45 to 90% by mass of astyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D), wherein thestyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D) comprises 50 to 80%by mass of a styrene monomer unit (d1), 10 to 30% by mass of anunsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer unit (d2), and 5 to 30% bymass of a vinyl monomer unit (d3); and

Resin Composition (B3)

A resin composition comprising 95 to 45% by mass of a polycarbonateresin (E) and 5 to 55% by mass of a (meth)acrylate copolymer (F),wherein the (meth)acrylate copolymer (F) comprises an aromatic(meth)acrylate unit (f1) and a methacrylic acid ester monomer unit (f2)at a mass ratio (f1/f2) of 10 to 50/40 to 90, the weight averagemolecular weight of the polycarbonate resin (E) is 37,000 to 71,000, andthe weight average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylate copolymer (F)is 5,000 to 30,000;

(iii) the retardation of the front panel is 3,000 nm or more; and

(iv) the standard deviation of the second derivative of the irregularshape of the hard coat layer having irregularities is 0.1 or more.

<2> The front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays according to<1>, wherein the front panel has another hard coat layer on a sideopposite to the hard coat layer having irregularities.

<3> The front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays according to<1> or <2>, wherein the front panel has a warpage change of 1,000 μm orless after being kept for 120 hours in an environment involving atemperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity of 85%.<4> The front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays according toany of <1> to <3>, wherein the layer containing a high hardness resincomposition (B) is prepared by coextrusion with the layer containing aresin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1).<5> The front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays according toany of <1> to <4>, wherein the polycarbonate resin (a1) comprises acomponent derived from a monohydric phenol represented by the followinggeneral formula (4):

wherein R₁ represents an alkyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms or analkenyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms, R₂ to R₅ each independentlyrepresent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbonatoms which optionally has a substituent, or an aryl group having 6 to12 carbon atoms which optionally has a substituent, and the substituentis halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl grouphaving 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

Advantageous Effect of the Invention

According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention can provide afront panel that prevents glare, has high abrasion resistance, also hashigh pencil hardness, and is also excellent in the inhibition ofwarpage, while exhibiting excellent impact resistance, heat resistanceand anti-glare performance, and is suitable for on-board liquid crystaldisplays.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an example of an irregular shape favorable in terms ofglare, obtained in Example 1.

FIG. 2 shows an example of an irregular shape unfavorable in terms ofglare, obtained in Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the second derivative of the irregular shapefavorable in terms of glare, obtained in Example 1.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the second derivative of the irregular shapeunfavorable in terms of glare, obtained in Comparative Example 1.

EMBODIMENTS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail withreference to Production Examples, Examples, etc. However, the presentinvention is not limited by illustrated Production Examples, Examples,etc. Changes can be made therein in any way as far as they do notlargely depart from the contents of the present invention.

The front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays of the presentinvention is provided with a layer containing a high hardness resincomposition (B) (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a “high hardnesslayer”) and a hard coat layer having irregularities on at least one sideof a layer containing a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1)(hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a “base material layer”). Thebase material layer may be a layer consisting of the resin (A)comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1). The high hardness layer may be alayer consisting of the high hardness resin composition (B). As for theorder of lamination, the high hardness layer resides between the basematerial layer and the hard coat layer, and the outermost surface of thehard coat layer serving as an outermost surface layer is provided withan irregular shape. The other side of the layer containing a resin (A)comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) is not particularly specified andmay be provided with both or any one of a high hardness resin layer anda hard coat layer. In this case, for the high hardness resin layer, itis desirable to use a resin selected from the high hardness resincomposition (B), and it is more desirable to use the same high hardnessresin composition (B) on both sides, also for decreasing warpage. Thehard coat layer is not particularly specified, and a hard coat layersimilar to the hard coat layer having irregularities can be used. Hardcoat layers formed on both sides can decrease warpage and are thereforemore desirable. The pencil hardness of the hard coat layer havingirregularities is desirably H or higher, more desirably 2H or higher,particularly desirably 3H or higher, for the prevention of scratches.

The front panel of the present invention can be used alone as a frontpanel and may be used as a composite front panel, for example, bylamination with another substrate such as a touch sensor.

In the liquid crystal display, the backlight source is not particularlylimited and is preferably a white light emitting diode (white LED). Thewhite LED is particularly preferably an element emitting white light bya phosphor system, i.e., combining a phosphor with a light emittingdiode that emits blue light or ultraviolet light using a compoundsemiconductor. In this case, use of the front panel of the presentinvention can suppress the retardation of the layer containing a resin(A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and the occurrence of stainingand color unevenness attributed to variations in the retardation, whenpolarized sunglasses or the like are used.

In the liquid crystal display, the driving system is not particularlylimited, and a TN (Twisted Nematic) system, a VA (Vertical Alignment)system, an IPS (In-Place-Switching) system, or the like can be used. Ina desirable configuration, the transmission axis of a front polarizingplate of the liquid crystal panels is parallel to or forms an angle of45 degrees with respect to the in-plane fast axis or slow axis of thelayer containing a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1). Thiscan suppress the retardation of the layer containing a resin (A)comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and the generation of interferencecolor attributed to variations in the retardation, when polarizedsunglasses or the like are used.

Hereinafter, each member constituting the front panel for on-boardliquid crystal displays according to the present invention will bedescribed.

(Resin (A) Comprising Polycarbonate Resin (a1))

The resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1), used in the presentinvention is a resin mainly comprising the polycarbonate resin (a1). Thecontent of the polycarbonate resin (a1) in the resin (A) is 75% byweight or more. An increased content improves impact resistance.Therefore, the content is desirably 90% by weight or more, moredesirably 100% by weight.

The polycarbonate resin (a1) is not particularly limited as long as itsmolecular backbone contains a carbonic acid ester bond, i.e., a—[O—R—OCO]— unit (R includes an aliphatic group or an aromatic group, orboth an aliphatic group and an aromatic group and further has a linearstructure or a branched structure). It is particularly preferred to usea polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of the formula (3) givenbelow. Use of such a polycarbonate resin can produce a resin laminateexcellent in impact resistance.

Specifically, an aromatic polycarbonate resin (e.g., manufactured byMitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Corp., trade name: Lupilon S-2000,Lupilon S-1000, and Lupilon E-2000) or the like may be used as thepolycarbonate resin (a1).

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for also performingbending work in front panels. Therefore, for the polycarbonate resin(a1), it is preferred to use a monohydric phenol represented by thefollowing general formula (4) as a chain terminator:

wherein R₁ represents an alkyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms or analkenyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms, R2 to R5 each independentlyrepresent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbonatoms which optionally has a substituent, or an aryl group having 6 to12 carbon atoms which optionally has a substituent, and the substituentis halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl grouphaving 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

More preferably, the monohydric phenol represented by the generalformula (4) is represented by the following general formula (5):

wherein R₁ represents an alkyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms or analkenyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms.

The number of carbon atoms of R₁ in the general formula (4) or (5) morepreferably falls within a specific numerical range.

Specifically, the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms of R₁ ispreferably 36, more preferably 22, particularly preferably 18. The lowerlimit of the number of carbon atoms of R₁ is preferably 8, morepreferably 12.

Among the monohydric phenols (chain terminator) represented by thegeneral formula (4) or (5), any or both of p-hydroxybenzoic acidhexadecyl ester and p-hydroxybenzoic acid 2-hexyldecyl ester isparticularly preferably used as a chain terminator.

In the case of using a monohydric phenol (chain terminator) wherein R₁is, for example, an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms, the resultingchain terminator is excellent in glass transition temperature, meltflowability, moldability, draw down resistance, and solvent solubilityof the monohydric phenol in the production of the polycarbonate resin,and is thus particularly preferably used in the polycarbonate resinaccording to the present invention.

On the other hand, if R₁ in the general formula (4) or (5) has too largea number of carbon atoms, the resulting monohydric phenol (chainterminator) tends to have low organic solvent solubility. This mayreduce the productivity of the polycarbonate resin production.

As one example, R₁ having 36 or less carbon atoms offers highproductivity and also good economic efficiency in producing thepolycarbonate resin. The monohydric phenol having R₁ having 22 or lesscarbon atoms is excellent, particularly, in organic solvent solubility,and can very highly enhance productivity and also improves economicefficiency in producing the polycarbonate resin.

If R₁ in the general formula (4) or (5) has too small a number of carbonatoms, the resulting polycarbonate resin does not have a sufficientlylow glass transition temperature. This may reduce thermal moldability.

In the present invention, the weight average molecular weight of thepolycarbonate resin (a1) influences the impact resistance and moldingconditions of a synthetic resin laminate. Specifically, too small aweight average molecular weight reduces the impact resistance of asynthetic resin laminate and is therefore not preferred. Too high aweight average molecular weight may require an excessive heat source forlaminating a layer containing the polycarbonate resin (a1) and is thusnot preferred. Some molding methods require a high temperature andtherefore cause the polycarbonate resin (a1) to be exposed to the hightemperature. This may adversely affect its heat stability. The weightaverage molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin (a1) is preferably15,000 to 75,000, more preferably 20,000 to 70,000, further preferably25,000 to 65,000. The weight average molecular weight is a weightaverage molecular weight based on standard polystyrene, measured by gelpermeation chromatography (GPC), as described in Examples mentionedlater.

(High Hardness Resin Composition (B))

The high hardness resin composition (B) used in the present invention isany one selected from a resin composition (B1), a resin composition(B2), and a resin composition (B3).

(Resin Composition (B1))

The resin composition (B1) used in the present invention is a copolymerresin comprising a (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a)represented by the general formula (1), and an aliphatic vinylconstituent unit (b) represented by the general formula (2), wherein thetotal ratio of the methacrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) and thealiphatic vinyl constituent unit (b) is 90 to 100 mol % of allconstituent units of the copolymer resin, and the ratio of themethacrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) is 65 to 80 mol % of allconstituent units of the copolymer resin.

wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 is an alkylgroup having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

wherein R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R4 is a cyclohexylgroup optionally having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

In the (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) represented by thegeneral formula (1), R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.Specific examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, abutyl group, a lauryl group, a stearyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and anisobornyl group.

The (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) is preferably a(meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit wherein R2 is a methyl groupor an ethyl group, more preferably a methyl methacrylate constituentunit wherein R1 is a methyl group, and R2 is a methyl group.

Preferred examples of the aliphatic vinyl constituent unit (b)represented by the general formula (2) include aliphatic vinylconstituent units wherein R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, andR4 is a cyclohexyl group or a cyclohexyl group having a hydrocarbongroup having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The aliphatic vinyl constituent unit (b), is more preferably analiphatic vinyl constituent unit wherein R3 is a hydrogen atom, and R4is a cyclohexyl group.

The resin composition (B1) may contain one or two or more of the(meth)acrylic acid ester constituent units (a) and may contain one ortwo or more of the aliphatic vinyl constituent units (b).

The total ratio of the (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) andthe aliphatic vinyl constituent unit (b) is 90 to 100 mol %, preferably95 to 100 mol %, more preferably 98 to 100 mol %, with respect to thetotal of all constituent units of the copolymer resin.

Specifically, the resin composition (B1) may contain a constituent unitother than the (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) and thealiphatic vinyl constituent unit (b), in the range of 10 mol % or lesswith respect to the total of all constituent units of the copolymerresin.

Examples of the constituent unit other than the (meth)acrylic acid esterconstituent unit (a) and the aliphatic vinyl constituent unit (b)include a constituent unit derived from an aromatic vinyl monomercontaining an unhydrogenated aromatic double bond in a resin composition(B1) obtained by hydrogenating aromatic vinyl monomer-derived aromaticdouble bonds after polymerization of (meth)acrylic acid ester andaromatic vinyl monomers.

The ratio of the (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a)represented by the general formula (1) is 65 to 80 mol %, preferably 70to 80 mol %, with respect to the total of all constituent units in theresin composition (B1). If the ratio of the (meth)acrylic acid esterconstituent unit (a) is less than 65 mol % with respect to the total ofall constituent units in the resin composition (B1), the resulting resincomposition (B1) may not be practical due to reduced close contact withthe resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1), or surfacehardness. If the ratio exceeds 80 mol %, the resulting resin composition(B1) may not be practical due to the occurrence of warpage by the waterabsorption of a laminate.

A method for producing the resin composition (B1) is not particularlylimited. The resin composition (B1) is suitably obtained by polymerizingat least one (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and at least one aromaticvinyl monomer and then hydrogenating aromatic double bonds derived fromthe aromatic vinyl monomer. The (meth)acrylic acid refers to methacrylicacid and/or acrylic acid.

Specific examples of the aromatic vinyl monomer used in this operationinclude styrene, α-methylstyrene, p-hydroxystyrene, alkoxystyrene,chlorostyrene, and their derivatives. Among them, styrene is preferred.

A known method can be used in the polymerization of the (meth)acrylicacid ester monomer and the aromatic vinyl monomer. For example, theresin composition (B1) can be produced by, for example, a bulkpolymerization method or a solution polymerization method.

The bulk polymerization method involves continuously supplying a monomercomposition containing the monomers described above and a polymerizationinitiator to a complete mixing vessel where continuous polymerization isperformed at 100 to 180° C. The monomer composition may optionallycontain a chain transfer agent, if necessary.

Examples of the polymerization initiator include, but are notparticularly limited to: organic peroxides such as t-amylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, benzoylperoxide, 1,1-di(t-hexylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane,1,1-di(t-hexylperoxy)cyclohexane, 1,1-di(t-butylperoxy)cyclohexane,t-hexyl propoxy isopropyl monocarbonate, t-amyl peroxy normal octoate,t-butylperoxyisopropyl monocarbonate, and di-t-butyl peroxide; and azocompounds such as 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile,2,2′-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile), and2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). These polymerization initiatorscan be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.

A chain transfer agent is used, if necessary. Examples thereof includeα-methylstyrene dimers.

Examples of the solvent for use in the solution polymerization methodinclude: hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, andmethylcyclohexane; ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and methylisobutyrate; ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone;ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; and alcohol solventssuch as methanol and isopropanol.

The solvent for use in the hydrogenation reaction after thepolymerization of the (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and the aromaticvinyl monomer may be the same as or different from the polymerizationsolvent. Examples thereof include: hydrocarbon solvents such ascyclohexane and methylcyclohexane; ester solvents such as ethyl acetateand methyl isobutyrate; ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethylketone; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; and alcoholsolvents such as methanol and isopropanol.

After the polymerization of the (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and thearomatic vinyl monomer, aromatic double bonds derived from the aromaticvinyl monomer are hydrogenated, as described above, to obtain the resincomposition (B1) used in the present invention.

The hydrogenation method is not particularly limited, and a known methodcan be used. The hydrogenation can be performed by, for example, a batchsystem or a continuous flow system at a hydrogen pressure of 3 to 30 MPaat a reaction temperature of 60 to 250° C. At the temperature of 60° C.or higher, the reaction time is not too long. At the temperature of 250°C. or lower, the cleavage of molecular chains or hydrogenation at estersites is less likely to occur.

Examples of the catalyst for use in the hydrogenation reaction includesolid catalysts in which a metal such as nickel, palladium, platinum,cobalt, ruthenium, or rhodium, or an oxide, a chloride, or a complexcompound of the metal is supported by a porous support such as carbon,alumina, silica, silica-alumina, or diatomaceous earth.

For the resin composition (B1), it is preferred that 70% or more ofaromatic double bonds derived from the aromatic vinyl monomer behydrogenated. Specifically, the ratio of an unhydrogenated aromaticdouble bond site in the constituent unit derived from the aromatic vinylmonomer is preferably 30% or less. If this ratio falls within the rangeexceeding 30%, the transparency of the resin composition (B1) may bereduced. The ratio of the unhydrogenated site is more preferably in therange of less than 10%, further preferably in the range of less than 5%.

The weight average molecular weight of the resin composition (B1) is notparticularly limited and is preferably 50,000 to 400,000, morepreferably 70,000 to 300,000, from the viewpoint of strength andmoldability.

The weight average molecular weight is a weight average molecular weightbased on standard polystyrene, measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC), as described in Examples mentioned later.

The resin composition (B1) can be blended with an additional resin tothe extent that transparency is not impaired. Examples thereof includemethyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer resins, polymethyl methacrylate,polystyrene, polycarbonate, cycloolefin (co)polymer resins,acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrenecopolymer resins, and various elastomers.

The glass transition temperature of the resin composition (B1) ispreferably in the range of 110 to 140° C. When the glass transitiontemperature is 110° C. or higher, the laminate provided by the presentinvention is less prone to be deformed or cracked in a heat environmentor a hot and humid environment. When the glass transition temperature is140° C. or lower, the laminate is excellent in workability of continuousthermal shaping using mirror rolls or shaping rolls or batch thermalshaping using a mirror die or a shaping die, etc. The glass transitiontemperature according to the present invention is a temperaturecalculated by a midpoint method as to 10 mg of a sample measured at atemperature increase rate of 10° C./min using a differential scanningcalorimetry apparatus.

(Resin Composition (B2))

The resin composition (B2) used in the present invention is a resincomposition comprising 55 to 10% by mass (preferably 50 to 20% by mass)of a resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer and 45 to 90% by mass(preferably 50 to 80% by mass) of a styrene-unsaturated dicarboxylicacid copolymer (D), wherein the styrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acidcopolymer (D) comprises 50 to 80% by mass of a styrene monomer unit(d1), 10 to 30% by mass of an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomerunit (d2), and 5 to 30% by mass of a vinyl monomer unit (d3).

Hereinafter, the resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer and thestyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D) will be described inorder.

<Resin (C) Containing Vinyl Monomer>

Examples of the resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer, used in thepresent invention include homopolymers of vinyl monomers such asacrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethylacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methacrylic acid,methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, and2-ethylhexyl methacrylate. Particularly, methyl methacrylate ispreferred as a monomer unit. Alternatively, a copolymer containing twoor more types of the monomer units may be used.

The weight average molecular weight of the resin (C) containing a vinylmonomer is preferably 10,000 to 500,000, more preferably 50,000 to300,000.

<Styrene-Unsaturated Dicarboxylic Acid Copolymer (D)>

The styrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D) used in thepresent invention comprises a styrene monomer unit (d1), an unsaturateddicarboxylic anhydride monomer unit (d2), and a vinyl monomer unit (d3).

<Styrene Monomer Unit (d1)>

The styrene monomer is not particularly limited, and any known styrenemonomer can be used. Examples thereof include styrene, α-methylstyrene,o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, and t-butylstyrene,from the viewpoint of easy availability. Among them, styrene isparticularly preferred from the viewpoint of compatibility. Two or moreof these styrene monomers may be mixed.

<Unsaturated Dicarboxylic Anhydride Monomer Unit (d2)>

Examples of the unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer include acidanhydrides such as maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconicanhydride, and aconitic anhydride. Maleic anhydride is preferred fromthe viewpoint of compatibility with the vinyl monomer. Two or more ofthese unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomers may be mixed.

<Vinyl Monomer Unit (d3)>

Examples of the vinyl monomer include vinyl monomers such asacrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethylacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methacrylic acid,methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, and2-ethylhexyl methacrylate. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is preferred fromthe viewpoint of compatibility with the resin (C) containing a vinylmonomer. Two or more of these vinyl monomers may be mixed.

<Compositional Ratio of Styrene-Unsaturated Dicarboxylic Acid Copolymer(D)>

The compositional ratio of the styrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acidcopolymer (D) is 50 to 80% by mass (preferably 50 to 75% by mass) of thestyrene monomer unit (d1), 10 to 30% by mass (preferably 10 to 25% bymass) of the unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer unit (d2), and 5to 30% by mass (preferably 7 to 27% by mass) of the vinyl monomer unit(d3).

The weight average molecular weight of the styrene-unsaturateddicarboxylic acid copolymer (D) is preferably 50,000 to 200,000, morepreferably 80,000 to 200,000. The styrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acidcopolymer (D) having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 to200,000 has favorable compatibility with the resin (C) containing avinyl monomer and is excellently effective for improving heatresistance. The weight average molecular weight of the resin (C) or thecopolymer (D) is a weight average molecular weight based on standardpolystyrene, measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), asdescribed in Examples mentioned later.

(Resin Composition (B3))

The resin composition (B3) used in the present invention is a resincomposition comprising 95 to 45% by mass of a polycarbonate resin (E)and 5 to 55% by mass of a (meth)acrylate copolymer (F), wherein the(meth)acrylate copolymer (F) comprises an aromatic (meth)acrylate unit(f1) and a methacrylic acid ester monomer unit (f2) at a mass ratio(f1/f2) of 10 to 50/40 to 90, the weight average molecular weight of thepolycarbonate resin (E) is 37,000 to 71,000, and the weight averagemolecular weight of the (meth)acrylate copolymer (F) is 5,000 to 30,000.

The polycarbonate resin (E) is not particularly limited as long as itsmolecular backbone contains a —[O—R—OCO]— unit (R includes an aliphaticgroup or an aromatic group, or both an aliphatic group and an aromaticgroup and further has a linear structure or a branched structure)containing a carbonic acid ester bond.

The (meth)acrylate copolymer (F) used in the present invention consistsof an aromatic (meth)acrylate unit (f1) and a methacrylic acid estermonomer unit (f2). In the present invention, the (meth)acrylate refersto acrylate or methacrylate.

The aromatic (meth)acrylate constituting the aromatic (meth)acrylateunit (f1) refers to a (meth)acrylate having an aromatic group at anester moiety. Examples of the aromatic (meth)acrylate can include phenyl(meth)acrylate and benzyl (meth)acrylate. These aromatic (meth)acrylatescan be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof. Among them,phenyl methacrylate or benzyl methacrylate is preferred, and phenylmethacrylate is more preferred. The presence of the aromatic(meth)acrylate unit (f1) can improve the transparency of a moldedarticle of a mixture with the aromatic polycarbonate resin.

The monomer constituting the methacrylic acid ester monomer unit (f2) ismethyl methacrylate. The methacrylic acid ester monomer unit (f2) iseffective for achieving good dispersion with the polycarbonate resin andcan improve the surface hardness of a molded article because ofmigrating to the molded article surface.

The (meth)acrylate copolymer (F) contains 10 to 50% by mass (preferably20 to 40% by mass) of the aromatic (meth)acrylate unit (f1) and 40 to90% by mass (preferably 50 to 80% by mass) of the methacrylic acid estermonomer unit (f2), with respect to 100% by mass in total of the units(f1) and (f2). When the content of the aromatic (meth)acrylate unit (f1)in the (meth)acrylate copolymer (F) is 10% by mass or more, transparencyis maintained in a region supplemented with a high amount of the(meth)acrylate copolymer (F). When the content is 50% by mass or less,the surface hardness of a molded article is not reduced becausecompatibility with the polycarbonate is not too high and migration tothe molded article surface is not reduced.

The weight average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylate copolymer (F)is 5,000 to 30,000, preferably 10,000 to 25,000. The (meth)acrylatecopolymer (F) having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to30,000 has favorable compatibility with the polycarbonate and isexcellently effective for improving surface hardness.

In the present invention, the compositional ratio between the(meth)acrylate copolymer (F) and the polycarbonate resin (E) is 95 to45% by mass of the component (E) with respect to 5 to 55% by mass of thecomponent (F), preferably 80 to 50% by mass of the component (E) withrespect to 20 to 50% by mass of the component (F), more preferably 70 to50% by mass of the component (E) with respect to 30 to 50% by mass ofthe component (F). Within this range of the compositional ratio, thehigh hardness resin composition (B) achieves the balance between surfacehardness and physical properties such as impact resistance or a waterabsorption rate while maintaining transparency.

In the present invention, the weight average molecular weight of thepolycarbonate resin (E) depends on the ease of mixing (dispersion) withthe (meth)acrylate copolymer (F). Specifically, if the polycarbonateresin (E) has too large a weight average molecular weight, the component(E) and the component (F) are poorly mixed (dispersed) due to too largea difference in melt viscosity between the component (E) and thecomponent (F). Thus, transparency is deteriorated.

Alternatively, there arises a trouble in such a way that stable meltkneading cannot be continued. On the other hand, if the polycarbonateresin (E) has too small a weight average molecular weight, the layercontaining a high hardness resin composition (B) has low strength.Therefore, there arises a problem in such a way that the impactresistance of a synthetic resin laminate is reduced.

The weight average molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin (E) is inthe range of 37,000 to 71,000, preferably in the range of 42,000 to68,000, more preferably in the range of 48,000 to 64,000. The weightaverage molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin (E) and the(meth)acrylate copolymer (F) is a weight average molecular weight basedon standard polystyrene, measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC), as described in Examples mentioned later.

(Laminate)

A method for producing a laminate having the layer containing a highhardness resin composition (B) on at least one side of the layercontaining a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1), in thefront panel used in the present invention is not particularly limited.Examples thereof include various methods such as a method which involveslaminating the individually formed layer containing a high hardnessresin composition (B) and layer containing a resin (A) comprising apolycarbonate resin (a1), and pressure-bonding these layers together byheating, a method which involves laminating the individually formedlayer containing a high hardness resin composition (B) and layercontaining a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1), andadhering these layers together using an adhesive, a method whichinvolves coextrusion-molding the layer containing a high hardness resincomposition (B) and the resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1),and a method which involves integrating the resin (A) comprising apolycarbonate resin (a1) with the preformed layer containing a highhardness resin composition (B) by in-mold molding. A method involvingcoextrusion molding is preferred from the viewpoint of production costand productivity.

The coextrusion method is not particularly limited. For example, in afeed block system, the layer containing a high hardness resincomposition (B) is laminated on one side of the layer containing a resin(A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1), in the feed block, and thelaminate is extruded into a sheet by a T die. Then, the sheet is cooledwhile allowed to pass through molding rolls, to form the desiredlaminate. Alternatively, in a multi-manifold system, the layercontaining a high hardness resin composition (B) is laminated on oneside of the layer containing a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonateresin (a1), within the multi-manifold die, and the laminate is extrudedinto a sheet. Then, the sheet is cooled while allowed to pass throughmolding rolls, to form the desired synthetic resin laminate.

The resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and the highhardness resin composition (B) according to the present invention can beused by mixing with various additives to the extent that transparency isnot impaired. Examples of the additives include antioxidants, anti-stainagents, antistatic agents, mold release agents, lubricants, dyes, andpigments. The mixing method is not particularly limited. For example, amethod of compounding the whole amount, a method of dry-blending amaster batch, or a method of dry-blending the whole amount can be used.

The thickness of the layer containing a high hardness resin composition(B) influences the surface hardness and impact resistance of thesynthetic resin laminate. Specifically, too small a thickness reducesthe surface hardness and is thus not preferred. Too large a thicknessdeteriorates the impact resistance and is thus not preferred. Thethickness of the layer containing a high hardness resin composition (B)is 10 to 250 μm, preferably 30 to 200 μm, more preferably 60 to 150 μm.

In the present invention, the total thickness of the layer containing aresin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and the layer containinga high hardness resin composition (B) influences warpage after the frontpanel is left in a high temperature and high humidity environment.Specifically, a front panel having too small a total thickness haslarger warpage after being left in a high temperature and high humidityenvironment. A front panel having too large a total thickness hassmaller warpage after being left in a high temperature and high humidityenvironment. Thus, the total thickness of the layer containing a resin(A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and the layer containing ahigh hardness resin composition (B) is 100 to 3,000 μm, preferably 120to 2,500 μm, more preferably 150 to 2,000 μm.

(Retardation)

The retardation of the front panel according to the present invention is3,000 nm or more, preferably 4,000 nm or more, for preventing a blackoutphenomenon. The retardation is more preferably 5,000 nm or more,particularly preferably 6,000 nm or more. A front panel having aretardation lower than 3,000 nm is not sufficiently effective forpreventing the blackout phenomenon. Although there is no particularupper limit of the retardation, a retardation of 15,000 nm or more issufficient for preventing the blackout phenomenon but increasesdeformation under a severe environment such as the inside of cars.Therefore, the retardation is desirably 15,000 nm or less, morepreferably 14,000 nm or less, particularly preferably 12,000 nm or less.

In this context, the “retardation” according to the present inventionrefers to a value of (nx−ny)×d indicated by nm unit, wherein nxrepresents the principal refractive index of the in-plane slow axis of asheet, ny represents the principal refractive index of the in-plane fastaxis thereof, and d represents the thickness of the sheet.

A production method for adjusting the retardation to 3,000 nm or more isnot particularly limited. For example, the retardation of the layercontaining a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) can beincreased by increasing a take-off speed and thereby the draw ratio inthe flow direction of the polycarbonate resin. As a result, theretardation of the front panel can be adjusted to 3,000 nm or more.

(Hard Coat Layer Having Irregularities)

In the front panel according to the present invention, a hard coat layeris formed on the layer containing a high hardness resin composition (B),so as not to be damaged upon handling. For example, the hard coat layeris formed by hard coat treatment using a coating material for hard coatscurable using thermal energy and/or light energy. Examples of thecoating material for hard coats curable using thermal energy includethermosetting resin compositions such as polyorganosiloxane resincompositions and cross-linkable acrylic resin compositions. Examples ofthe coating material for hard coats curable using light energy include aphotocurable resin composition containing 1 to 10 parts by weight of aphotopolymerization initiator (a23) added to 100 parts by weight of aresin composition consisting of 40 to 80% by weight oftris(acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate (a21) and 20 to 40% by weight of abifunctional and/or trifunctional (meth)acrylate compound (a22)copolymerizable with the component (a21).

Another example of the coating material for hard coats curable usinglight energy include a photocurable resin composition containing 1 to 10parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator added to 100 parts bymass of a resin composition consisting of 20 to 60% by mass of1,9-nonanediol diacrylate and 40 to 80% by mass of a compound consistingof a bifunctional or higher polyfunctional (meth)acrylate monomer and abifunctional or higher polyfunctional urethane (meth)acrylate oligomerand/or a bifunctional or higher polyfunctional polyester (meth)acrylateoligomer and/or a bifunctional or higher polyfunctional epoxy(meth)acrylate oligomer, copolymerizable with the 1,9-nonanedioldiacrylate.

The film thickness of the hard coat layer is desirably 1 μm or largerand 40 μm or smaller, more desirably 2 μm or larger and 10 μm orsmaller. A film thickness of less than 1 μm reduces pencil hardness. Afilm thickness exceeding 40 μm increases warpage. The film thickness ofthe hard coat layer can be measured by observing the cross section undera microscope or the like and actually measuring the distance from thecoat interface to the surface.

The surface to be coated may be pretreated before the hard coattreatment for the purpose of improving the close contact of the hardcoat layer therewith. Examples of the pretreatment include known methodssuch as a sand blast method, a solvent treatment method, a coronadischarge treatment method, a chromic acid treatment method, a flametreatment method, a hot air treatment method, an ozone treatment method,an ultraviolet treatment method, and a primer treatment method with aresin composition.

The surface of the hard coat layer has an irregular shape in order toimpart anti-glare properties. The irregular shape according to thepresent invention means that center line average roughness (Ra) definedin JIS-B-0601 is 0.01 or more. For obtaining high anti-glare properties,the center line average roughness (Ra) is desirably 0.05 or more.

Further, for the irregular shape according to the present invention, thestandard deviation of the second derivative of the irregular shape ofthe hard coat layer is 0.10 or more, more desirably 0.125 or more,further preferably 0.13 or more, particularly preferably 0.15 or more.If the standard deviation is smaller than 0.10, there arises a problemin such a way that glare occurs easily. A method for calculating thestandard deviation of the second derivative of the irregular shape ofthe hard coat layer according to the present invention is as follows.

The irregular shape can be measured under a confocal microscope (e.g.,OLYMPUS scanning confocal laser microscope LEXT OLS3100).Three-dimensional shape measurement is performed at a visualmagnification set to ×500 and a step size of 0.01 μm in the Z direction.A line profile in the X direction at an arbitrary position is used asthe irregular shape. Data in the X direction is obtained at a step sizeof 0.25 μm. The standard deviation of the second derivative iscalculated using Excel. The derivative employs the SLOPE function ofExcel. A slope of a straight line of 7 points calculated with the SLOPEfunction is used as the first derivative. An example of entry of theSLOPE function when column A is the X coordinate (unit: μm) and column Bis the Z coordinate (unit: μm) is shown in column C given below. Thefirst derivative is performed twice for the calculation of the secondderivative. FIGS. 1 and 2 show examples of irregular shapes obtained inExample 1 and Comparative Example 1, respectively. FIGS. 3 and 4 showresults of calculating the respective second derivatives by the methodmentioned above. The value of the second derivative is defined as apopulation, and the standard deviation is calculated. The obtainedresults correspond to the standard deviation of the second derivative ofthe irregular shape. In the present invention, an average of standarddeviations calculated at 4 sites per sample is used.

TABLE 1 A B C 1 0 4.86 2 0.25 4.93 3 0.5 4.93 4 0.75 4.91 =SLOPE(B1:B7,A1:A7) 5 1 4.87 =SLOPE(B2:B8, A2:A8) 6 1.25 4.92 =SLOPE(B3:B9, A3:A9) 71.5 4.94 =SLOPE(B4:B10, A4:A10) 8 1.75 4.99 =SLOPE(B5:B11, A5:A11) 9 25.14 =SLOPE(B6:B12, A6:A12) 10 2.25 5.02 =SLOPE(B7:B13, A7:A13)

A method for applying the coating material for hard coats according tothe present invention is not particularly limited, and a known methodcan be used. Examples thereof include a spin coating method, a dippingmethod, a spray method, a slide coating method, a bar coating method, aroll coating method, a gravure coating method, a meniscus coatingmethod, a flexographic printing method, a screen printing method, a beatcoating method, and a brushing method.

Examples of the method forming the irregularities include molding usinga mold and coat formation by coating. In the molding using a mold, theirregularities can be produced by, for example, a method which involvespreparing a mold having a shape complementary to the irregular surface,and ultraviolet-curing an ultraviolet curable resin applied on atransparent base material in close contact with the mold.

In the coat formation by coating, the irregularities can be formed byapplying an application liquid for irregular layer formation containinga resin component and translucent particles onto a transparent basematerial by a known application method such as gravure coating or barcoating, followed by drying and curing, if necessary.

EXAMPLES

Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in more detailwith reference to Examples. However, the present embodiment is notlimited by these Examples. The physical property measurement of resinsobtained in Production Examples and the evaluation of front panelsobtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were performed as follows.

<Weight Average Molecular Weight>

Standard polystyrene was dissolved in chloroform and measured by gelpermeation chromatography (GPC) in advance. On the basis of theresulting calibration curve, each sample was measured by GPC in the sameway as above. Its weight average molecular weight was calculated bycomparison therebetween. The apparatus configuration of GPC is asfollows.

Apparatus: Waters 2690

Column: Shodex GPC KF-805L 8ϕ×300 mm, 2 columns connected

Developing solvent: chloroform

Flow rate: 1 ml/min

Temperature: 30° C.

<Shape Stability>

Each test specimen was cut out into 10×6 cm square. The cut-out testspecimen was loaded in a two-point support type holder and placed for 24hours or longer in an environment tester set to a temperature of 23° C.and a relative humidity of 50% for conditioning, followed by warpagemeasurement (before treatment). Next, the test specimen was loaded in aholder, placed in an environment tester set to a temperature of 85° C.and a relative humidity of 85%, and kept in this state for 120 hours.The test specimen was further transferred, together with the holder,into an environment tester set to a temperature of 23° C. and a relativehumidity of 50%, and kept in this state for 4 hours, followed by warpagemeasurement again (after treatment). The warpage measurement employed athree-dimensional shape measuring machine (KS-1100 manufactured byKeyence Corp.) equipped with a motorized stage. The test specimen takenout of the holder was left standing horizontally with its protrudingside facing upward and scanned at 1-mm intervals. A central raisedportion was measured as warpage. The absolute value of the difference inthe amount of warpage between before and after treatment, i.e.,|(Amount of warpage after treatment)−(Amount of warpage beforetreatment)|was evaluated as shape stability. The measurement limit of the measuringmachine is 2,000 μm, and a test specimen having warpage beyond themeasurement limit was regarded as being immeasurable.<Pencil Scratch Hardness Test>

Pencils were pressed with gradually increased hardness against thesurface of a hard coat layer having irregularities, with an angle of 45degrees with respect to the surface at a load of 750 g in conformity toJIS K 5600-5-4. The hardness of the hardest pencil that did not leaveany scratch mark was evaluated as pencil hardness.

<Glare>

The entire screen of a liquid crystal display was allowed to display agreen color. A front panel was placed on the display device and visuallyobserved to confirm the presence or absence of glare.

<Blackout>

The entire screen of a liquid crystal display was allowed to display awhite color. A front panel was placed on the display device, and thescreen was observed through polarized sunglasses. In this observation,the absorption axis of a polarizing plate on the visible side of theliquid crystal display was allowed to be orthogonal to the absorptionaxis of the polarized sunglasses (a state that offered a black screenwithout the front panel thus placed). As a result of the observation, asample having favorable visibility was evaluated as being good, and asample having poor visibility was evaluated as being unacceptable.

<Standard Deviation of Second Derivative of Irregular Shape of Hard CoatLayer Having Irregularities>

The surface shape of a patterned hard coat was measured under a confocalmicroscope (OLYMPUS scanning confocal laser microscope LEXT OLS3100).Three-dimensional shape measurement was performed at a visualmagnification set to ×500 and a step size of 0.01 μm in the Z direction.A line profile (length: 255.75 μm) in the X direction at an arbitraryposition was used as an irregular shape. Data in the X direction wasobtained at a step size of 0.25 μm. The standard deviation of the secondderivative was calculated using Excel. The derivative employed the SLOPEfunction of Excel. A slope of a straight line of 7 points calculatedwith the SLOPE function was used as the first derivative. The firstderivative was performed twice for the calculation of the secondderivative. The value of the second derivative was defined as apopulation, and the standard deviation was calculated. An average ofstandard deviations calculated at 4 sites per sample was calculated. Theaverage value from the 4 sites was evaluated as the standard deviationof the second derivative of the irregular shape.

<Roughness Ra>

Center line average roughness (Ra) was calculated by the method definedin JIS-B-0601-1994 using a surface roughness measuring machine “SURFCOM480A” manufactured by Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.

Production Example 1 [Production of Resin Composition (B1)]

A monomer composition consisting of 77.000 mol % of purified methylmethacrylate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.), 22.998mol % of purified styrene (manufactured by Wako Pure ChemicalIndustries, Ltd.) as an aromatic vinyl monomer, and 0.002 mol % oft-amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate (manufactured by ARKEMA Yoshitomi, Ltd,trade name: Luperox 575) as a polymerization initiator was continuouslysupplied at 1 kg/h to a 10 L complete mixing vessel with a helicalribbon blade where continuous polymerization was performed at apolymerization temperature of 150° C. for an average retention time of2.5 hours. The polymerization product was continuously discharged fromthe bottom with the liquid level of the polymerization vessel keptconstant, and introduced into a solvent removal apparatus to obtainpellets of a vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1′).

The obtained vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1′) was dissolved in methylisobutyrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) to prepare a 10%by mass solution in methyl isobutyrate. To a 1000 mL autoclaveapparatus, 500 parts by mass of the 10% by mass (B1-1′) solution inmethyl isobutyrate and 1 part by mass of 10% by mass of Pd/C(manufactured by N.E. Chemcat Corp.) were added, and kept at 200° C. ata hydrogen pressure of 9 MPa for 15 hours to hydrogenate the aromaticdouble bond sites of the vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1′). The catalyst wasfiltered off, and the residue was introduced into a solvent removalapparatus to obtain pellets of a vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1). As aresult of 1H-NMR measurement, the ratio of the methyl methacrylateconstituent unit in the vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1) was 75 mol %. As aresult of absorbance measurement at a wavelength of 260 nm, thehydrogenation reaction rate of the aromatic double bond sites was 99%.The weight average molecular weight (based on standard polystyrene)measured by gel permeation chromatography was 125,000.

Production Example 2 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

50% by mass of R-200 (manufactured by Denka Corp., weight averagemolecular weight: 185,000, d1:d2:d3=55:20:25) as a styrene-unsaturateddicarboxylic acid copolymer (D), 50% by mass of methyl methacrylateresin PARAPET HR-L (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight averagemolecular weight: 90,000) as a resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer, 500ppm of a phosphorus additive PEP36 (manufactured by Adeka Corp.), and0.2% of monoglyceride stearate (product name: H-100, manufactured byRiken Vitamin Co., Ltd.) were added. This composition was mixed for 20minutes using a blender, then melt-kneaded at a cylinder temperature of240° C. using a twin screw extruder having a screw diameter of 26 mm,and extruded into strands, which were then pelletized in a pelletizer toobtain a resin composition (B2-1). The pellets were able to be stablyproduced.

Production Example 3 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

A resin composition (B2-2) was obtained in the same way as in ProductionExample 2 except that: 60% by mass of R-200 was used as thestyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D); and 40% by mass ofmethyl methacrylate resin PARAPET HR-L was used as the resin (C)containing a vinyl monomer. The pellets were able to be stably produced.

Production Example 4 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

A resin composition (B2-3) was obtained in the same way as in ProductionExample 2 except that: 70% by mass of R-200 was used as thestyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D); and 30% by mass ofmethyl methacrylate resin PARAPET HR-L was used as the resin (C)containing a vinyl monomer. The pellets were able to be stably produced.

Production Example 5 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

65% by mass of R-100 (manufactured by Denka Corp., weight averagemolecular weight: 170,000, d1:d2:d3=65:15:20) as a styrene-unsaturateddicarboxylic acid copolymer (D), 35% by mass of methyl methacrylateresin PARAPET HR-L (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight averagemolecular weight: 90,000) as a resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer, 500ppm of a phosphorus additive PEP36 (manufactured by Adeka Corp.), and0.2% of monoglyceride stearate (product name: H-100, manufactured byRiken Vitamin Co., Ltd.) were added. This composition was mixed for 20minutes using a blender, then melt-kneaded at a cylinder temperature of240° C. using a twin screw extruder having a screw diameter of 26 mm,and extruded into strands, which were then pelletized in a pelletizer toobtain a resin composition (B2-4). The pellets were able to be stablyproduced.

Production Example 6 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

A resin composition (B2-5) was obtained in the same way as in ProductionExample 5 except that: 75% by mass of R-100 was used as thestyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D); and 25% by mass ofmethyl methacrylate resin PARAPET HR-L was used as the resin (C)containing a vinyl monomer. The pellets were able to be stably produced.

Production Example 7 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

A resin composition (B2-6) was obtained in the same way as in ProductionExample 5 except that: 85% by mass of R-100 was used as thestyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D); and 15% by mass ofmethyl methacrylate resin PARAPET HR-L was used as the resin (C)containing a vinyl monomer. The pellets were able to be stably produced.

Production Example 8 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

50% by mass of KX-406 (manufactured by Denka Corp., weight averagemolecular weight: 155,000, d1:d2:d3=69:22:9) as a styrene-unsaturateddicarboxylic acid copolymer (D), 50% by mass of methyl methacrylateresin PARAPET HR-L (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight averagemolecular weight: 90,000) as a resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer, 500ppm of a phosphorus additive PEP36 (manufactured by Adeka Corp.), and0.2% of monoglyceride stearate (product name: H-100, manufactured byRiken Vitamin Co., Ltd.) were added. This composition was mixed for 20minutes using a blender, then melt-kneaded at a cylinder temperature of240° C. using a twin screw extruder having a screw diameter of 26 mm,and extruded into strands, which were then pelletized in a pelletizer toobtain a resin composition (B2-7). The pellets were able to be stablyproduced.

Production Example 9 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

75% by mass of IOC-407 (manufactured by Denka Corp., weight averagemolecular weight: 165,000, d1:d2:d3=57:23:20) as a styrene-unsaturateddicarboxylic acid copolymer (D), 25% by mass of methyl methacrylateresin PARAPET HR-L (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight averagemolecular weight: 90,000) as a resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer, 500ppm of a phosphorus additive PEP36 (manufactured by Adeka Corp.), and0.2% of monoglyceride stearate (product name: H-100, manufactured byRiken Vitamin Co., Ltd.) were added. This composition was mixed for 20minutes using a blender, then melt-kneaded at a cylinder temperature of240° C. using a twin screw extruder having a screw diameter of 26 mm,and extruded into strands, which were then pelletized in a pelletizer toobtain a resin composition (B2-8). The pellets were able to be stablyproduced.

Production Example 10 [Production of Resin Composition (B2)]

50% by mass of KX-422 (manufactured by Denka Corp., weight averagemolecular weight: 119,000, d1:d2:d3=57:23:20) as a styrene-unsaturateddicarboxylic acid copolymer (D), 50% by mass of methyl methacrylateresin PARAPET HR-L (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight averagemolecular weight: 90,000) as a resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer, 500ppm of a phosphorus additive PEP36 (manufactured by Adeka Corp.), and0.2% of monoglyceride stearate (product name: H-100, manufactured byRiken Vitamin Co., Ltd.) were added. This composition was mixed for 20minutes using a blender, then melt-kneaded at a cylinder temperature of240° C. using a twin screw extruder having a screw diameter of 26 mm,and extruded into strands, which were then pelletized in a pelletizer toobtain a resin composition (B2-9). The pellets were able to be stablyproduced.

Production Example 11 [Production of Resin Composition (B3)]

30% by mass of METABLEN H-880 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co.,Ltd., weight average molecular weight: 14,000, f1/f2=33/66) as a(meth)acrylate copolymer (F) and 70% by mass of Lupilon E-2000(manufactured by Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Corp., weight averagemolecular weight: 61,000) as a polycarbonate resin (E) were added. Thiscomposition was mixed for 30 minutes using a blender, then melt-kneadedat a cylinder temperature of 240° C. using a twin screw extruder(manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd., TEM-26SS, L/D≈40) having ascrew diameter of 26 mm, and extruded into strands, which were thenpelletized in a pelletizer to obtain a resin composition (B3-1). Thepellets were able to be stably produced.

Production Example 12 [Production of Resin Composition (B3)]

A resin composition (B3-2) was obtained by palletization in the same wayas in Production Example 11 except that the addition ratio between the(meth)acrylate copolymer (F) and the polycarbonate resin (E) was set to50:50. The pellets were able to be stably produced.

Production Example 13 [Production of Resin Composition (B3)]

A resin composition (B3-3) was obtained by pelletization in the same wayas in Production Example 11 except that the addition ratio between the(meth)acrylate copolymer (F) and the polycarbonate resin (E) was set to20:80. The pellets were able to be stably produced.

Comparative Production Example 1 [Production of Comparative Example ofResin Composition (B3)]

Pelletization was performed in the same way as in Production Example 11except that the addition ratio between the (meth)acrylate copolymer (F)and the polycarbonate resin (E) was set to 60:40. A resin composition(B3-4) was unable to be produced due to unstable pelletization.

Production Example 14 [Production of Resin Composition (B3)]

30% by mass of METABLEN H-880 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co.,Ltd., weight average molecular weight: 14,000) as a (meth)acrylatecopolymer (F) and 70% by mass of Lupilon S-3000 (manufactured byMitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Corp., weight average molecular weight:47,000) as a polycarbonate resin (E) were added. This composition wasmixed for 30 minutes using a blender, then melt-kneaded at a cylindertemperature of 240° C. using a twin screw extruder (manufactured byToshiba Machine Co., Ltd., TEM-26SS, L/D 40) having a screw diameter of26 mm, and extruded into strands, which were then pelletized in apelletizer to obtain a resin composition (B3-5). The pelletization werestably performed.

Production Example 15 [Production of Photocurable Resin Composition (X1)to Cover High Hardness Layer]

A composition consisting of 60 parts by mass of tris(2-acryloxyethyl)isocyanurate (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC), 40 parts by massof neopentyl glycol oligoacrylate (manufactured by Osaka OrganicChemical Industry Ltd., trade name: 215D), 1 part by mass of2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide (manufactured by CibaJapan K.K., trade name: DAROCUR TPO), 0.3 parts by mass of1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Co.LLC), and 1 part by mass of2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol(manufactured by Ciba Japan K.K., trade name: TINUVIN 234) wasintroduced into a mixing vessel equipped with a stirring blade, andstirred for 1 hour with the temperature kept at 40° C. to obtain aphotocurable resin composition (X1).

Production Example 16 [Production of Photocurable Resin Composition (X2)to Cover Polycarbonate Base Material Layer]

A composition consisting of 40 parts by mass of 1,9-nonanedioldiacrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd., tradename: Viscoat #260), 40 parts by mass of a hexafunctional urethaneacrylate oligomer (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.,trade name: U-6HA), 20 parts by mass of a succinicacid/trimethylolethane/acrylic acid condensate at a molar ratio of1/2/4, 2.8 parts by mass of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphineoxide (manufactured by Ciba Japan K.K., trade name: DAROCUR TPO), 1 partby mass of benzophenone (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC), and 1part by mass of2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol(manufactured by Ciba Japan K.K., trade name: TINUVIN 234) wasintroduced into a mixing vessel equipped with a stirring blade, andstirred for 1 hour with the temperature kept at 40° C. to obtain aphotocurable resin composition (X2).

Production Example 17 [Production of Patterned PET Film (Y1)]

50 parts by mass of MEK were mixed with 50 parts by mass of an acrylicultraviolet curable resin (solid content: 100%, trade name: LightAcrylate DPE-6A, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), 0.5 partsby mass of fine silica particles (octylsilane-treated fumed silica,average primary particle size: 12 nm, manufactured by Nippon AerosilCo., Ltd.), 1 part by mass of acrylic silane-treated silica (averageparticle size: 1.9 μm, trade name: SE6050-SYB, manufactured by AdmatechsCo., Ltd.), and 3 parts by mass of a photoinitiator (trade name:Irgacure 184, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals plc), and themixture was stirred to prepare a coating liquid (i). Next, the coatingliquid (i) was applied to a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film suchthat the dry film thickness was 2.5 μm. After drying at 80° C. for 2minutes, the coat was cured by ultraviolet irradiation under conditionsinvolving a line speed of 1.5 m/min using a conveyor equipped with ahigh pressure mercury lamp having a light source distance of 12 cm andan output of 80 W/cm to prepare a patterned PET film (Y1).

Production Example 18 [Production of Patterned PET Film (Y2)]

A patterned PET film (Y2) was prepared in the same way as in ProductionExample 17 except that the dry film thickness of the coating liquid (i)was set to 3.5 μm.

Comparative Production Example 2 [Production of Patterned PET Film (Y3)]

50 parts by mass of MEK were mixed with 50 parts by mass of an acrylicultraviolet curable resin (solid content: 100%, trade name: LightAcrylate DPE-6A, manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), 1.5 partsby mass of acrylic silane-treated silica (average particle size: 1.9 μm,trade name: SE6050-SYB, manufactured by Admatechs Co., Ltd.), and 3parts by mass of a photoinitiator (trade name: Irgacure 184,manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals plc), and the mixture wasstirred to prepare a coating liquid (ii). Next, the coating liquid (ii)was applied to a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film such that the dryfilm thickness was 1.5 μm. After drying at 80° C. for 2 minutes, thecoat was cured by ultraviolet irradiation under conditions involving aline speed of 1.5 m/min using a conveyor equipped with a high pressuremercury lamp having a light source distance of 12 cm and an output of 80W/cm to prepare a patterned PET film (Y3).

Production Example 19 [Synthesis of Chain Terminator for PolycarbonateResin Production]

Esterification was performed through dehydration reaction using4-hydroxybenzoic acid manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.and 1-hexadecanol manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. onthe basis of Handbook of Organic Chemistry, third edition (GihodoShuppan Co., Ltd., 1981), p. 143-150 to obtain p-hydroxybenzoic acidhexadecyl ester (CEPB).

Production Example 20 [Synthesis of Resin (A) Comprising PolycarbonateResin (a1)]

7.1 kg (31.14 mol) of bisphenol A (hereinafter, referred to as “BPA”)manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd. and 30 g ofhydrosulfite were added to 57.2 kg of an aqueous solution containing 9w/w % of sodium hydroxide, and dissolved therein. To this solution, 40kg of dichloromethane was added, and 4.33 kg of phosgene was blown intothe mixture over 30 minutes while the solution temperature was keptwithin the range of 15° C. to 25° C. with stirring.

After the completion of the phosgene blowing, 6 kg of an aqueoussolution containing 9 w/w % of sodium hydroxide, 11 kg ofdichloromethane, and a solution containing 551 g (1.52 mol) of thep-hydroxybenzoic acid hexadecyl ester (CEPB) synthesized in ProductionExample 19 as a chain terminator, dissolved in 10 kg of methylenechloride were added thereto, and the mixture was emulsified by vigorousstirring. Then, 10 ml of triethylamine was further added as apolymerization catalyst to the solution, which was then polymerized forapproximately 40 minutes.

The polymerization solution was separated into aqueous and organicphases. The organic phase was neutralized with phosphoric acid andrepetitively washed with pure water until the pH of the washes becameneutral. The organic solvent was distilled off from this purifiedpolycarbonate resin solution to obtain a polycarbonate resin powder.

The obtained polycarbonate resin powder was melt-kneaded at a cylindertemperature of 260° C. using a twin screw extruder having a screwdiameter of 35 mm, and extruded into strands, which were then pelletizedin a pelletizer. The weight average molecular weight of the obtainedpolycarbonate resin (A1) was 47000.

TABLE 2 (Meth)acrylic Aliphatic Weight acid ester vinyl average Resinconstituent constituent molecular name unit (a) unit (b) weightProduction B1-1 75 mol % 25 mol % 125000 Example 1

TABLE 3 Resin composition (B2) Styrene-unsaturated Resin (C) containingdicarboxylic acid Styrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic vinyl monomercopolymer (D) acid copolymer (D) Weight Weight Unsaturated averageaverage Styrene dicarboxylic Vinyl Resin molecular molecular monomeracid monomer monomer name Composition weight Composition weight unit(d1) unit (d2) unit (d3) Production B2-1 50% by mass 90000 50% by mass185000 55% by mass 20% by mass 25% by mass Example 2 Production B2-2 40%by mass 90000 60% by mass 185000 55% by mass 20% by mass 25% by massExample 3 Production B2-3 30% by mass 90000 70% by mass 185000 55% bymass 20% by mass 25% by mass Example 4 Production B2-4 35% by mass 9000065% by mass 170000 65% by mass 15% by mass 20% by mass Example 5Production B2-5 25% by mass 90000 75% by mass 170000 65% by mass 15% bymass 20% by mass Example 6 Production B2-6 15% by mass 90000 85% by mass170000 65% by mass 15% by mass 20% by mass Example 7 Production B2-7 50%by mass 90000 50% by mass 155000 69% by mass 22% by mass  9% by massExample 8 Production B2-8 25% by mass 90000 75% by mass 165000 57% bymass 23% by mass 20% by mass Example 9 Production B2-9 50% by mass 9000050% by mass 119000 57% by mass 23% by mass 20% by mass Example 10

TABLE 4 Resin composition (B3) (Meth)acrylate Polycarbonate(Meth)acrylate copolymer (F) resin (E) copolymer (F) Aromatic WeightWeight (meth)acrylate unit average average (f1)/methacrylic Resinmolecular molecular acid ester monomer name Composition weightComposition weight unit (f2) Production B3-1 70% by mass 61000 30% bymass 14000 33/66 Example 11 Production B3-2 50% by mass 61000 50% bymass 14000 33/66 Example 12 Production B3-3 80% by mass 61000 20% bymass 14000 33/66 Example 13 Comparative B3-4 40% by mass 61000 60% bymass 14000 33/66 Production Example 1 Production B3-5 70% by mass 4700030% by mass 14000 33/66 Example 14

Example 1

A synthetic resin laminate was molded using a multilayer extrusionapparatus having a single-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 35mm, a single-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 65 mm, a feedblock connected to all the extruders, and a T die connected to the feedblock. The vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1) obtained in Production Example 1was continuously introduced into the single-screw extruder having ascrew diameter of 35 mm and extruded under conditions involving acylinder temperature of 240° C. and a discharge rate of 2.6 kg/h. Also,a polycarbonate resin (A2) (manufactured by MitsubishiEngineering-Plastics Corp., trade name: Lupilon S-1000, weight averagemolecular weight: 59,000) was continuously introduced into thesingle-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 65 mm and extruded at acylinder temperature of 280° C. and a discharge rate of 50.0 kg/h. Thefeed block connected to all the extruders had distribution pins of twokinds and two layers. The vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1) and thepolycarbonate resin (A2) were introduced thereinto and laminated at atemperature of 270° C. The laminate was extruded into a sheet by thedownstream connected T die having a temperature of 270° C. The sheet wascooled while a mirror surface was transferred thereto using three mirrorfinish rolls (temperatures from upstream: 120° C., 130° C., and 190°C.). The take-off speed was adjusted to obtain a laminate of a highhardness layer containing the vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1) and a basematerial layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2), having aretardation of 4500 nm. The thickness of the obtained laminate was 1,200and the thickness of the high hardness layer containing the vinylcopolymer resin (B1-1) was 60 μm near the center.

The photocurable resin composition (X1) obtained in Production Example15 was applied onto the high hardness layer containing the vinylcopolymer resin (B1-1) in the laminate, using a bar coater such that thecoat thickness after curing was 3 to 8 μm. The resin composition wascovered with the patterned PET film (Y1) prepared in Production Example17, with its patterned surface in contact with the application liquid,and pressure-bonded together. Next, the photocurable resin composition(X2) obtained in Production Example 16 was applied onto the basematerial layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2), using a barcoater such that the coat thickness after curing was 3 to 8 μm. Theresin composition was covered with a PET film and pressure-bondedtogether. Then, the coats were cured by ultraviolet irradiation underconditions involving a line speed of 1.5 m/min using a conveyor equippedwith a high pressure mercury lamp having a light source distance of 12cm and an output of 80 W/cm. The patterned PET film and the PET filmwere detached therefrom to obtain a front panel comprising hard coatlayers consisting of the photocurable resin compositions (X1) and (X2)on the high hardness layer containing the vinyl copolymer resin (B1-1)and the base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2),respectively.

Example 2

A synthetic resin laminate was molded using a multilayer extrusionapparatus having: a multilayer extruder having a single-screw extruderhaving a screw diameter of 32 mm, a single-screw extruder having a screwdiameter of 65 mm, a feed block connected to all the extruders, and a Tdie connected to the feed block; and a multi-manifold die connected toeach extruder. The resin composition (B2-1) obtained in ProductionExample 2 was continuously introduced into the single-screw extruderhaving a screw diameter of 32 mm and extruded under conditions involvinga cylinder temperature of 240° C. and a discharge rate of 2.1 kg/h.Also, a polycarbonate resin (A2) (manufactured by MitsubishiEngineering-Plastics Corp., trade name: Lupilon S-1000, weight averagemolecular weight: 59,000) was continuously introduced into thesingle-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 65 mm and extruded at acylinder temperature of 270° C. and a discharge rate of 30.0 kg/h. Thefeed block connected to all the extruders had distribution pins of twokinds and two layers. The resin composition (B2-1) and the polycarbonateresin (A2) were introduced thereinto and laminated at a temperature of270° C. The laminate was extruded into a sheet by the downstreamconnected T die having a temperature of 270° C. The sheet was cooledwhile a mirror surface was transferred thereto using three mirror finishrolls (temperatures from upstream: 130° C., 140° C., and 180° C.). Thetake-off speed was adjusted to obtain a laminate of a high hardnesslayer containing the resin composition (B2-1) and a base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), having a retardation of 3500nm. The total thickness of the obtained laminate was 1,000 μm, and thethickness of the high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-1) was 60 μm near the center.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-1) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel.

Example 3

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-2) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2)was obtained in the same way as in Example 2 except that the highhardness layer was produced using the resin composition (B2-2) obtainedin Production Example 3. The total thickness of the obtained laminatewas 1,000 μm, and the thickness of the high hardness layer containingthe resin composition (B2-2) was 60 μm near the center. The retardationwas 6000 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-2) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel.

Example 4

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-3) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2)was obtained in the same way as in Example 2 except that the highhardness layer was produced using the resin composition (B2-3) obtainedin Production Example 4. The total thickness of the obtained laminatewas 1,000 μm, and the thickness of the high hardness layer containingthe resin composition (B2-3) was 60 μm near the center. The retardationwas 4000 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-3) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel.

Example 5

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-4) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2)was obtained in the same way as in Example 2 except that the highhardness layer was produced using the resin composition (B2-4) obtainedin Production Example 5. The total thickness of the obtained laminatewas 1,000 μm, and the thickness of the high hardness layer containingthe resin composition (B2-4) was 60 μm near the center. The retardationwas 4500 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-4) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel.

Example 6

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-5) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2)was obtained in the same way as in Example 2 except that the highhardness layer was produced using the resin composition (B2-5) obtainedin Production Example 6. The total thickness of the obtained laminatewas 1,000 μm, and the thickness of the high hardness layer containingthe resin composition (B2-5) was 60 μm near the center. The retardationwas 3700 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-5) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel.

Example 7

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-6) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2)was obtained in the same way as in Example 2 except that the highhardness layer was produced using the resin composition (B2-6) obtainedin Production Example 7. The total thickness of the obtained laminatewas 1,000 μm, and the thickness of the high hardness layer containingthe resin composition (B2-6) was 60 μm near the center. The retardationwas 6500 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-6) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel, except that thepatterned PET film (Y1) was changed to the patterned PET film (Y2).

Example 8

A synthetic resin laminate was molded using a multilayer extrusionapparatus having: a multilayer extruder having a single-screw extruderhaving a screw diameter of 32 mm, a single-screw extruder having a screwdiameter of 65 mm, a feed block connected to all the extruders, and a Tdie connected to the feed block; and a multi-manifold die connected toeach extruder. The resin composition (B2-7) obtained in ProductionExample 8 was continuously introduced into the single-screw extruderhaving a screw diameter of 32 mm and extruded under conditions involvinga cylinder temperature of 240° C. and a discharge rate of 2.1 kg/h.Also, a polycarbonate resin (A2) (manufactured by MitsubishiEngineering-Plastics Corp., trade name: Lupilon S-1000, weight averagemolecular weight: 59,000) was continuously introduced into thesingle-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 65 mm and extruded at acylinder temperature of 270° C. and a discharge rate of 30.0 kg/h. Thefeed block connected to all the extruders had distribution pins of twokinds and two layers. The resin composition (B2-7) and the polycarbonateresin (A2) were introduced thereinto and laminated at a temperature of270° C. The laminate was extruded into a sheet by the downstreamconnected T die having a temperature of 270° C. The sheet was cooledwhile a mirror surface was transferred thereto using three mirror finishrolls (temperatures from upstream: 130° C., 140° C., and 180° C.). Thetake-off speed was adjusted to obtain a laminate of a high hardnesslayer containing the resin composition (B2-7) and a base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), having a retardation of 6000nm.

The total thickness of the obtained laminate was 1,000 μm, and thethickness of the high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-7) was 60 μm near the center.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-7) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 7 to obtain a front panel.

Example 9

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-8) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2)was obtained in the same way as in Example 8 except that the resincomposition (B2-8) was used instead of the resin composition (B2-7). Thetotal thickness of the obtained laminate was 1,000 μm, and the thicknessof the high hardness layer containing the resin composition (B2-8) was60 μm near the center. The retardation was 4700 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-8) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 7 to obtain a front panel.

Example 10

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B2-9) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A2)was obtained in the same way as in Example 8 except that the resincomposition (B2-9) was used instead of the resin composition (B2-7). Thetotal thickness of the obtained laminate was 1,000 μm, and the thicknessof the high hardness layer containing the resin composition (B2-9) was60 μm near the center. The retardation was 5200 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B2-9) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 7 to obtain a front panel.

Example 11

A synthetic resin laminate was molded using a multilayer extrusionapparatus having a single-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 32mm, a single-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 65 mm, a feedblock connected to all the extruders, and a T die connected to the feedblock. The resin composition (B3-1) obtained in Production Example 11was continuously introduced into the single-screw extruder having ascrew diameter of 32 mm and extruded under conditions involving acylinder temperature of 240° C. and a discharge rate of 2.1 kg/h. Also,a polycarbonate resin (A3) (manufactured by MitsubishiEngineering-Plastics Corp., trade name: Lupilon S-3000, weight averagemolecular weight: 47,000) was continuously introduced into thesingle-screw extruder having a screw diameter of 65 mm and extruded at acylinder temperature of 270° C. and a discharge rate of 30.0 kg/h. Thefeed block connected to all the extruders had distribution pins of twokinds and two layers. The resin composition (B3-1) and the polycarbonateresin (A3) were introduced thereinto and laminated at a temperature of270° C. The laminate was extruded into a sheet by the downstreamconnected T die having a temperature of 270° C. The sheet was cooledwhile a mirror surface was transferred thereto using three mirror finishrolls (temperatures from upstream: 130° C., 140° C., and 180° C.). Thetake-off speed was adjusted to obtain a laminate of a high hardnesslayer containing the resin composition (B3-1) and a base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A3), having a retardation of 4400nm. The thickness of the obtained laminate was 1,000 μm, and thethickness of the high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B3-1) was 60 μm near the center.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B3-1) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A3), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel.

Example 12

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B3-2) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A3)was obtained in the same way as in Example 1 except that the resincomposition (B3-2) obtained in Production Example 12 was used instead ofthe resin composition (B3-1) used in Example 11. The thickness of theobtained laminate was 1,000 μm, and the thickness of the high hardnesslayer containing the resin composition (B3-2) was 60 μm near the center.The retardation was 6200 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B3-2) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A3), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel.

Example 13

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B3-1) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A3)was obtained in the same way as in Example 11 except that: the resincomposition (B3-3) obtained in Production Example 13 was used instead ofthe resin composition (B3-1) used in Example 11; its discharge rate wasset to 7.0 kg/h; and the discharge rate of the polycarbonate resin (A3)was set to 25 kg/h. The thickness of the obtained laminate was 1,000 μm,and the thickness of the high hardness layer containing the resincomposition (B3-3) was 200 μm near the center. The retardation was 4700nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B3-3) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A3), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 7 to obtain a front panel.

Example 14

A laminate of a high hardness layer containing the resin composition(B3-5) and a base material layer containing the polycarbonate resin (A3)was obtained in the same way as in Example 11 except that the resincomposition (B3-5) obtained in Production Example 14 was used instead ofthe resin composition (B3-1) used in Example 11. The thickness of theobtained laminate was 1,000 μm, and the thickness of the high hardnesslayer containing the resin composition (B3-5) was 60 μm near the center.The retardation was 4500 nm.

Subsequently, hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resincompositions (X1) and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layercontaining the resin composition (B3-5) and the base material layercontaining the polycarbonate resin (A3), respectively, in the laminatein the same way as in Example 7 to obtain a front panel.

Example 15

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 1 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 16

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 2 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 17

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 3 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 18

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 4 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 19

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 5 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 20

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 6 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 21

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 7 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 22

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 8 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 23

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 9 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 24

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 10 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 25

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 11 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A3) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 26

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 12 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A3) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 27

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 13 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A3) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Example 28

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 14 to obtain a front panel, except that thepolycarbonate resin (A3) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20.

Comparative Example 1

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 2 to obtain a front panel, except that methylmethacrylate resin PARAPET HR-L (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.,weight average molecular weight: 90,000) was used instead of the resincomposition (B2-1).

Comparative Example 2

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 2 to obtain a front panel, except that: thepolycarbonate resin (A2) was changed to the polycarbonate resin (A1)produced in Production Example 20; and methyl methacrylate resin PARAPETHR-L (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., weight average molecularweight: 90,000) was used instead of the resin composition (B2-1).

Comparative Example 3

Hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resin compositions (X1)and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layer containing the methylmethacrylate resin and the base material layer containing thepolycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminate in the same wayas in Comparative Example 1 to obtain a front panel, except that thepatterned PET film (Y1) was changed to the patterned PET film (Y3).

Comparative Example 4

Hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resin compositions (X1)and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layer containing the methylmethacrylate resin and the base material layer containing thepolycarbonate resin (A1), respectively, in the laminate in the same wayas in Comparative Example 2 to obtain a front panel, except that thepatterned PET film (Y1) was changed to the patterned PET film (Y3).

Comparative Example 5

Hard coat layers consisting of the photocurable resin compositions (X1)and (X2) were formed on the high hardness layer containing the resincomposition (B2-1) and the base material layer containing thepolycarbonate resin (A2), respectively, in the laminate in the same wayas in Example 2 to obtain a front panel, except that the patterned PETfilm (Y1) was changed to the patterned PET film (Y3).

Comparative Example 6

Laminate preparation and hard coat formation were performed in the sameway as in Example 2 to obtain a front panel, except that the take-offspeed was adjusted to attain a retardation of 2000 nm.

The front panel obtained in each of Examples and Comparative Exampleswas evaluated for its shape stability, pencil hardness, glare, blackout,standard deviation of the second derivative of the irregular shape ofthe hard coat layer having irregularities, and roughness. The evaluationresults, layer thicknesses, and retardation values are summarized in thetable below.

As seen from the table below, the configuration according to the presentinvention can be suitably used as a front panel for on-board liquidcrystal displays because use thereof is excellent in shape stability andpencil hardness, is free from glare, and can also make measures againstblackout. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 using methylmethacrylate resin as the high hardness resin composition (B) wereinferior in shape stability. Comparative Examples 3 to 5 in which thestandard deviation of the second derivative of the irregular shape ofthe hard coat layer having irregularities was less than 0.1 generatedglare. Comparative Example 6 in which the retardation of the front panelwas less than 3,000 nm produced poor results about blackout.

TABLE 5 Total Standard thickness deviation HC HC High of high of secondRa coating coating hardness High hardness derivative value Pencilmaterial material layer/ hardness layer and of irreg- of Pres- hardnessPET on high on base base layer base Retar- ular shape hard Shape ence oron high for hardness material material thickness material dation of hardcoat stability absence Black- hardness pat- layer layer layer (μm) layer(μm) (nm) coat layer layer (μm) of glare out layer side tern side sideExample 1 B1-1/S1000 60 1200 4500 0.22 0.09 60 absent good 4H Y1 X1 X2Example 2 B2-1/S1000 60 1000 3500 0.16 0.08 310 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 3 B2-2/S1000 60 1000 6000 0.14 0.09 30 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 4 B2-3/S1000 60 1000 4000 0.14 0.08 190 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 5 B2-4/S1000 60 1000 4500 0.26 0.07 30 absent good 3H Y1 X1 X2Example 6 B2-5/S1000 60 1000 3700 0.12 0.09 50 absent good 3H Y1 X1 X2Example 7 B2-6/S1000 60 1000 6500 0.18 0.05 140 absent good 3H Y2 X1 X2Example 8 B2-7/S1000 60 1000 6000 0.19 0.06 30 absent good 4H Y2 X1 X2Example 9 B2-8/S1000 60 1000 4700 0.14 0.07 350 absent good 4H Y2 X1 X2Example 10 B2-9/S1000 60 1000 5200 0.15 0.05 130 absent good 4H Y2 X1 X2Example 11 B3-1/S3000 60 1000 4400 0.19 0.07 20 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 12 B3-2/S3000 60 1000 6200 0.2 0.08 60 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 13 B3-3/S3000 200 1000 4700 0.21 0.07 50 absent good 2H Y2 X1 X2Example 14 B3-5/S3000 60 1000 4500 0.16 0.06 20 absent good 2H Y2 X1 X2Example 15 B1-1/A1 60 1200 4700 0.18 0.09 30 absent good 4H Y1 X1 X2Example 16 B2-1/A1 60 1000 3600 0.12 0.08 260 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 17 B2-2/A1 60 1000 5800 0.14 0.07 20 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 18 B2-3/A1 60 1000 4000 0.16 0.09 170 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 19 B2-4/A1 60 1000 4300 0.20 0.07 20 absent good 3H Y1 X1 X2Example 20 B2-5/A1 60 1000 3900 0.18 0.09 30 absent good 3H Y1 X1 X2Example 21 B2-6/A1 60 1000 6700 0.14 0.06 110 absent good 3H Y2 X1 X2Example 22 B2-7/A1 60 1000 6000 0.19 0.05 20 absent good 4H Y2 X1 X2Example 23 B2-8/A1 60 1000 4500 0.21 0.07 300 absent good 4H Y2 X1 X2Example 24 B2-9/A1 60 1000 5200 0.19 0.06 120 absent good 4H Y2 X1 X2Example 25 B3-1/A1 60 1000 4500 0.16 0.09 10 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 26 B3-2/A1 60 1000 6400 0.14 0.08 40 absent good 2H Y1 X1 X2Example 27 B3-3/A1 200 1000 4900 0.20 0.07 40 absent good 2H Y2 X1 X2Example 28 B3-5/A1 60 1000 4300 0.17 0.07 10 absent good 2H Y2 X1 X2Comparative PMMA/ 60 1000 4500 0.17 0.09 1200 absent good 4H Y1 X1 X2Example 1 S1000 Comparative PMMA/ 60 1000 5000 0.20 0.07 1130 absentgood 4H Y1 X1 X2 Example 2 A1 Comparative PMMA/ 60 1000 6500 0.06 0.141160 present good 4H Y3 X1 X2 Example 3 S1000 Comparative PMMA/ 60 10005500 0.08 0.11 1040 present good 4H Y3 X1 X2 Example 4 A1 ComparativeB2-1/ 60 1000 3500 0.06 0.13 290 present good 2H Y3 X1 X2 Example 5S1000 Comparative B2-1/ 60 1000 2000 0.16 0.08 260 absent unac- 2H Y1 X1X2 Example 6 S1000 ceptable

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, thepresent invention can provide a front panel for on-board liquid crystaldisplays that prevents glare, has high abrasion resistance, also hashigh pencil hardness, and is also excellent in the inhibition ofwarpage, while exhibiting excellent impact resistance, heat resistanceand anti-glare performance.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A front panel for on-board liquid crystaldisplays, having a layer containing a high hardness resin composition(B) on at least one side of a layer containing a resin (A) comprising apolycarbonate resin (a1), and further having a hard coat layer havingirregularities on the layer containing a high hardness resin composition(B), wherein the front panel satisfies the following conditions (i) to(iv): (i) the thickness of the layer containing a high hardness resincomposition (B) is 10 to 250 μm, and the total thickness of the layercontaining a resin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1) and thelayer containing a high hardness resin composition (B) is 100 to 3,000μm; (ii) the high hardness resin composition (B) consists of any one ofthe following resin compositions (B1) to (B3): Resin composition (B1) Acopolymer resin comprising a (meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit(a) represented by the following general formula (1), and an aliphaticvinyl constituent unit (b) represented by the following general formula(2), wherein the total ratio of the methacrylic acid ester constituentunit (a) and the aliphatic vinyl constituent unit (b) is 90 to 100 mol %of all constituent units of the copolymer resin, and the ratio of the(meth)acrylic acid ester constituent unit (a) is 65 to 80 mol % of allconstituent units of the copolymer resin:

wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 is an alkylgroup having 1 to 18 carbon atoms

wherein R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R4 is a cyclohexylgroup optionally having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;Resin composition (B2) A resin composition comprising 55 to 10% by massof a resin (C) containing a vinyl monomer, and 45 to 90% by mass of astyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D), wherein thestyrene-unsaturated dicarboxylic acid copolymer (D) comprises 50 to 80%by mass of a styrene monomer unit (d1), 10 to 30% by mass of anunsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer unit (d2), and 5 to 30% bymass of a vinyl monomer unit (d3); and Resin composition (B3) A resincomposition comprising 95 to 45% by mass of a polycarbonate resin (E)and 5 to 55% by mass of a (meth)acrylate copolymer (F), wherein the(meth)acrylate copolymer (F) comprises an aromatic (meth)acrylate unit(f1) and a methacrylic acid ester monomer unit (f2) at a mass ratio(f1/f2) of 10 to 50/40 to 90, the weight average molecular weight of thepolycarbonate resin (E) is 37,000 to 71,000, and the weight averagemolecular weight of the (meth)acrylate copolymer (F) is 5,000 to 30,000;(iii) the retardation of the front panel is 3,000 nm or more; and (iv)the standard deviation of the second derivative of the irregular shapeof the hard coat layer having irregularities is 0.1 or more, wherein thefront panel has another hard coat layer on a side opposite to the hardcoat layer having irregularities, and wherein the front panel has awarpage change of 1,000 μm or less after being kept for 120 hours in anenvironment involving a temperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity of85%.
 2. The front panel for on-board liquid crystal displays accordingto claim 1, wherein the layer containing a high hardness resincomposition (B) is prepared by coextrusion with the layer containing aresin (A) comprising a polycarbonate resin (a1).
 3. The front panel foron-board liquid crystal displays according to claim 1, wherein thepolycarbonate resin (a1) comprises a component derived from a monohydricphenol represented by the following general formula (4):

wherein R₁ represents an alkyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms or analkenyl group having 8 to 36 carbon atoms, R₂ to R₅ each independentlyrepresent a hydrogen atom, halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbonatoms which optionally has a substituent, or an aryl group having 6 to12 carbon atoms which optionally has a substituent, and the substituentis halogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl grouphaving 6 to 12 carbon atoms.